Plural form of the Arabic term “thaman“; the price or monetary amount of an object of sale (tangible like commodities or intangible like services), i.e., what is bought and sold in an exchange transaction. It can also be defined as the compensation the parties to an exchange (commutative contract) agree upon, whether it is more or less than the actual value of a given item.

Thaman is the amount paid by the buyer and received by the seller in commutative transactions such as sale and service. In the case of ijarah (lease), the price is typically known as badal or ujrah.

Broadly speaking, thaman is a monetary measure of value (currency unit) that is exchanged for another measure of value (whether of the same currency or monetary item or not). An example is the exchange of a currency unit for another at a given exchange rate (in an exchange transaction or ba’i al-athman/ ba’i al-sarf).