The process of issuing certificates that represent debts and loans (generally any type of obligations). The issued certificates (or securities)...

Arabic (هبة المجهول) for a gift (hibah) ) whose subject-matter (mahall) is unknown at the time it is made. Fuqaha...

A general shari'a maxim that all commercial and financial activities are originally permissible by the primary sources of shari'a, unless...

Arabic (هبة المجهول) for a gift (hibah) ) whose subject-matter (mahall) is unknown at the time it is made. Fuqaha...

A class of contracts to which shari’a neither assigned specific names nor handled in details their respective rules and stipulations....

A class of contracts to which shari’a has assigned specific names and handled in details their respective rules and stipulations....

Arabic (الكالئ بالكالئ) for the sale of a debt for a debt. Broadly speaking, it involves the exchange of two...

Arabic (الربا المباشر) for direct riba. It constitutes an increment that a lender receives over and above the principal amount...

Arabic (الأجير العام) for a public/ general worker or employee or an independent contractor who works for himself, rather than...

According to the Hanafi school of thought (mazhab), a category of mal that has no value from the perspective of...