In a specific context, it is the process of replacing short-term loans/ debts with longer term loans/ debts.
It may also denote money (funds) provided, especially by an organization or government, for a certain purpose/ project/ event/ activity, etc. In this sense, it takes the form of grants, capital investments, donations, and loans that are provided or extended as a financial support.
Funding may also broadly imply the financial resources used to establish a business. Examples of funding, in this specific area, are the money contributed by equity holders and lenders (equity and debt) to finance an entity’s capital.
