A financial instrument that contains an unconditional promise by one party to enter into a foreign exchange transaction with another…

A unilateral promise or undertaking which is associated with a financial transaction. ‘Ahd is a promise from one party (promisor)…

In Islamic finance, bilateral promising, or muwa'adah in Arabic, refers to a promise which is issued by a counterparty against...

In Arabic, it is originally known as a wa'ad ghair mulzim; a wa’ad (promise) in which the promisor (al-wa’ed) is...

An Arabic term (وعد غير ملزم) that translates as nonbinding promise; a wa’ad (promise) in which the promisor (al-wa’ed) is...

An Arabic term (وعد ملزم) that translates into binding promise; a wa’ad (promise) in which the promisor (al-wa'ed) is under...

In Islamic finance, muwa'adah, or mutual promising or bilateral promising, refers to a promise which is issued by a counterparty...

A type of wad (promise) that is embedded in, or associated with, an Islamic finance arrangement (contract). By nature, the...

A type of wad (promise) that constitutes, by nature and structure, a full-fledged Islamic finance arrangement which is used as...

A type of wa'ad (promise) that constitutes, by nature and structure, a full-fledged Islamic finance arrangement which is used as...