Arabic (عرف) for customary practices; it refers to the norms, values, and customs of the majority of a society or...

A distinct category of maslaha or human needs that refers to things and activities that refine and embellish people's lives....

Arabic (إيجاب) for offer; an essential element of a contract (aqd) in Islamic finance. It constitutes the declaration or a...

Arabic (إيجاب وقبول) for offer (ijab or 'ardh) and acceptance (qabul); the two essential elements of a contract (aqd) in...

A distinct category of maslahah or human needs that comprises all things and activities that are not key to the...

Arabic (هبة الثواب) for gift (hibah) conditional upon receipt of consideration (thawab). It is a gift intended to solicit some...

An Arabic term that translates as moveable property, as opposed to immovable property (al-iqar); By definition, it is a property...

A category of mal which encompasses commodities usually sold and bought by weight capacity, or measure such as gold, rice,...

Arabic (مثلاً بمثل) for like for like. Ribawi items (such as gold, silver, dates, wheat, etc) cannot be exchanged (i.e., different...

A buyer who does not haggle over the price (i.e., takes the price for granted). In general, a buyer acts...